Pediatric ATI Practice Exam

What is a potential long-term complication associated with myelomeningocele?

1. Congestive heart failure

2. Chiari malformation

3. Respiratory distress

4. Malnutrition

The correct answer is: Chiari malformation

Myelomeningocele, a type of spina bifida, involves a defect in the spinal column where the spinal cord and surrounding tissues protrude through the vertebrae. This condition can lead to several long-term complications, one of which is Chiari malformation. Chiari malformation occurs when the brain tissue extends into the spinal canal, often resulting from the structural changes and pressure in the central nervous system due to the myelomeningocele. Patients with myelomeningocele are at higher risk for Chiari malformation because of the alterations in normal anatomical relationships and the potential displacement of brain structures. Symptoms of Chiari malformation can include headaches, balance issues, and other neurological deficits, all of which can significantly affect the quality of life of affected individuals. In contrast, while congestive heart failure, respiratory distress, and malnutrition can be concerns in pediatric populations, they are not direct long-term complications specifically associated with myelomeningocele. These issues may arise due to other underlying health conditions or complications, but they are not inherent to the structural abnormalities resulting from myelomeningocele like Chiari malformation is. Thus, understanding the connection between myelomeningocele and Chiari malformation is crucial for recognizing