Pediatric ATI Practice Exam

What should the nurse monitor for in a child presenting with signs of dehydration from sickle cell anemia?

1. Excessive sweating

2. Frequent urination

3. Fluid intake

4. Mental status changes

The correct answer is: Fluid intake

Monitoring fluid intake is essential for a child with sickle cell anemia who presents with signs of dehydration. Children with this condition are particularly susceptible to dehydration due to increased metabolic demands, risk of hemolysis, and potential for vaso-occlusive crises that can exacerbate their symptoms. Dehydration can lead to more concentrated blood, promoting sickling of red blood cells, which can obstruct blood flow and lead to pain crises or other serious complications. By keeping a close watch on fluid intake, the nurse can help ensure that the child remains hydrated and potentially prevent further complications related to sickle cell crises. In addition to monitoring fluid intake, observing for mental status changes is also critical, as severe dehydration can impact neurological function. However, focusing specifically on fluid intake allows for proactive measures to be taken regarding hydration, which is a primary concern in managing dehydration in these patients.