Pediatric ATI Practice Exam

What topical treatment should a nurse recommend for an infant with diaper dermatitis?

1. Petroleum jelly

2. Hydrocortisone cream

3. Calamine lotion

4. Zinc oxide

The correct answer is: Zinc oxide

For an infant suffering from diaper dermatitis, the most effective topical treatment is zinc oxide. This is because zinc oxide functions as a skin protectant, forming a barrier that helps to shield the sensitive skin from moisture, friction, and irritants commonly found in the diaper area. It also has mild antiseptic properties, which can help prevent infection in the irritated skin. In contrast, other options may not be suitable for treating diaper dermatitis. Petroleum jelly, while it can provide some barrier protection, is not as effective as zinc oxide in treating inflammation and rash associated with diaper dermatitis. Hydrocortisone cream is a topical corticosteroid that may reduce inflammation and itching but is generally not recommended for use on infants without a healthcare provider's directive, as it can thin the skin with prolonged use. Calamine lotion is typically used to soothe itching and irritations, but it is not specifically tailored for diaper dermatitis and does not provide the protective barrier that zinc oxide does. Thus, zinc oxide stands out as the most appropriate choice for protecting and treating the delicate skin in the diaper area of an infant.